Python으로 UTF8 CSV 파일 읽기
Python (프랑스어 및 / 또는 스페인어 문자 만 해당)으로 악센트 부호가있는 문자가있는 CSV 파일을 읽으려고합니다. csvreader ( http://docs.python.org/library/csv.html ) 에 대한 Python 2.5 문서를 기반으로 csvreader가 ASCII 만 지원하므로 CSV 파일을 읽기 위해 다음 코드를 작성했습니다.
def unicode_csv_reader(unicode_csv_data, dialect=csv.excel, **kwargs):
# csv.py doesn't do Unicode; encode temporarily as UTF-8:
csv_reader = csv.reader(utf_8_encoder(unicode_csv_data),
dialect=dialect, **kwargs)
for row in csv_reader:
# decode UTF-8 back to Unicode, cell by cell:
yield [unicode(cell, 'utf-8') for cell in row]
def utf_8_encoder(unicode_csv_data):
for line in unicode_csv_data:
yield line.encode('utf-8')
filename = 'output.csv'
reader = unicode_csv_reader(open(filename))
try:
products = []
for field1, field2, field3 in reader:
...
아래는 내가 읽으려고하는 CSV 파일의 발췌 본입니다.
0665000FS10120684,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Bleu
0665000FS10120689,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Gris
0665000FS10120687,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Vert
...
UTF-8로 인코딩 / 디코딩을 시도해도 여전히 다음 예외가 발생합니다.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".\Test.py", line 53, in <module>
for field1, field2, field3 in reader:
File ".\Test.py", line 40, in unicode_csv_reader
for row in csv_reader:
File ".\Test.py", line 46, in utf_8_encoder
yield line.encode('utf-8', 'ignore')
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 68: ordinal not in range(128)
이 문제를 어떻게 해결합니까?
이 .encode
메서드는 유니 코드 문자열에 적용되어 바이트 문자열을 만듭니다. 하지만 대신 바이트 문자열로 호출하고 있습니다. codecs
표준 라이브러리 의 모듈을 살펴보고 codecs.open
특히 UTF-8로 인코딩 된 텍스트 파일을 읽기위한 더 나은 일반 솔루션을 찾으십시오 . 그러나 csv
특히 모듈의 경우 utf-8 데이터를 전달해야하며 이것이 이미 얻은 것이므로 코드가 훨씬 간단해질 수 있습니다.
import csv
def unicode_csv_reader(utf8_data, dialect=csv.excel, **kwargs):
csv_reader = csv.reader(utf8_data, dialect=dialect, **kwargs)
for row in csv_reader:
yield [unicode(cell, 'utf-8') for cell in row]
filename = 'da.csv'
reader = unicode_csv_reader(open(filename))
for field1, field2, field3 in reader:
print field1, field2, field3
PS: if it turns out that your input data is NOT in utf-8, but e.g. in ISO-8859-1, then you do need a "transcoding" (if you're keen on using utf-8 at the csv
module level), of the form line.decode('whateverweirdcodec').encode('utf-8')
-- but probably you can just use the name of your existing encoding in the yield
line in my code above, instead of 'utf-8'
, as csv
is actually going to be just fine with ISO-8859-* encoded bytestrings.
Python 2.X
There is a unicode-csv library which should solve your problems, with added benefit of not naving to write any new csv-related code.
Here is a example from their readme:
>>> import unicodecsv
>>> from cStringIO import StringIO
>>> f = StringIO()
>>> w = unicodecsv.writer(f, encoding='utf-8')
>>> w.writerow((u'é', u'ñ'))
>>> f.seek(0)
>>> r = unicodecsv.reader(f, encoding='utf-8')
>>> row = r.next()
>>> print row[0], row[1]
é ñ
Python 3.X
In python 3 this is supported out of the box by the build-in csv
module. See this example:
import csv
with open('some.csv', newline='', encoding='utf-8') as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
for row in reader:
print(row)
If you want to read a CSV File with encoding utf-8, a minimalistic approach that I recommend you is to use something like this:
with open(file_name, encoding="utf8") as csv_file:
With that statement, you can use later a CSV reader to work with.
Also checkout the answer in this post: https://stackoverflow.com/a/9347871/1338557
It suggests use of library called ucsv.py. Short and simple replacement for CSV written to address the encoding problem(utf-8) for Python 2.7. Also provides support for csv.DictReader
Edit: Adding sample code that I used:
import ucsv as csv
#Read CSV file containing the right tags to produce
fileObj = open('awol_title_strings.csv', 'rb')
dictReader = csv.DictReader(fileObj, fieldnames = ['titles', 'tags'], delimiter = ',', quotechar = '"')
#Build a dictionary from the CSV file-> {<string>:<tags to produce>}
titleStringsDict = dict()
for row in dictReader:
titleStringsDict.update({unicode(row['titles']):unicode(row['tags'])})
Using codecs.open
as Alex Martelli suggested proved to be useful to me.
import codecs
delimiter = ';'
reader = codecs.open("your_filename.csv", 'r', encoding='utf-8')
for line in reader:
row = line.split(delimiter)
# do something with your row ...
The link to the help page is the same for python 2.6 and as far as I know there was no change in the csv module since 2.5 (besides bug fixes). Here is the code that just works without any encoding/decoding (file da.csv contains the same data as the variable data). I assume that your file should be read correctly without any conversions.
test.py:
## -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# NOTE: this first line is important for the version b) read from a string(unicode) variable
#
import csv
data = \
"""0665000FS10120684,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Bleu
0665000FS10120689,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Gris
0665000FS10120687,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Vert"""
# a) read from a file
print 'reading from a file:'
for (f1, f2, f3) in csv.reader(open('da.csv'), dialect=csv.excel):
print (f1, f2, f3)
# b) read from a string(unicode) variable
print 'reading from a list of strings:'
reader = csv.reader(data.split('\n'), dialect=csv.excel)
for (f1, f2, f3) in reader:
print (f1, f2, f3)
da.csv:
0665000FS10120684,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Bleu
0665000FS10120689,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Gris
0665000FS10120687,SD1200IS,Appareil photo numérique PowerShot de 10 Mpx de Canon avec trépied (SD1200IS) - Vert
Looking at the Latin-1
unicode table, I see the character code 00E9
"LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE". This is the accented character in your sample data. A simple test in Python
shows that UTF-8
encoding for this character is different from the unicode (almost UTF-16
) encoding.
>>> u'\u00e9'
u'\xe9'
>>> u'\u00e9'.encode('utf-8')
'\xc3\xa9'
>>>
I suggest you try to encode("UTF-8")
the unicode data before calling the special unicode_csv_reader()
. Simply reading the data from a file might hide the encoding, so check the actual character values.
Had the same problem on another server, but realized that locales are messed.
export LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8"
fixed the problem
참고URL : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/904041/reading-a-utf8-csv-file-with-python
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